So write Presbyterian elder Allan H. Harvey and Senior Associate Pastor Carl S. Hofmann, both of Grace Commons Church in Boulder, Colorado. Hofmann was the guest speaker, via Zoom, at a Chico discussion group considering the authors’ book, “Christ Or Caesar: Church And Nation In Christian Perspective” ($5 in paperback from Barmen Publishing).
Harvey and Hofmann describe themselves as “non-fundamentalist Protestants who seek to follow Jesus but recognize that our writing, like our lives, will inevitably be imperfect and is not the final word.” They invite Christians and others to consider what it means “to give our allegiance to Christ alone, not to any ancient or modern political Caesars.”
Intended for a general audience, the first two chapters provide Biblical context, about Abraham, Egypt, and Babylon and then for Jesus, the Church, and Caesar. In the Old Testament, “God’s people are to carry out their international mission to bless the people of all nations and ethnic groups.” In the New Testament, Israel’s mission is fulfilled in Jesus; in him “God enfolds, heals, and redeems all nations, not just particular ones.”
When Christians seek to wed the church’s mission to the authority of the state, as the “German Christians” did under the Nazis, and often in church history, such nationalism becomes idolatry. Jesus’ followers expected him to overthrow the Roman power and “make Israel great again”; but he said his kingdom “was not of this world.”
The authors consider the “errors of Christian nationalism,” how it distorts American history and seeks to use secular power over others; it is, they say, “theologically wrong.”
The final chapter considers the practical: it’s not about “gaining power for ourselves. Instead, we should be giving ourselves away for the good of our neighbors around the world.” It’s difficult to discuss with family and friends, Hofmann told me; it requires discernment and much prayer; the bottom line: “our ultimate source of hope is Jesus, not politics.”
